This Halifax Project1 task force focused on "A Broad-Spectrum Integrative Design for Cancer Prevention and Therapy". 180 participating scientists from 22 countries were formed into 12 teams (see below) because the current approach to cancer chemotherapy (i.e., one that focuses mainly on cytotoxics and/or chemicals aimed at single targets) has serious limitations that must be improved upon. While some important therapeutic gains have certainly been achieved using the current biomarker-driven, personalized approach to therapy, disease relapse (caused by intra-tumoral heterogeneity and adaptive resistance) continues to be a significant ongoing problem in the clinic. At the same time, drug toxicities and multiple drug resistance issues have severely constrained the physician’s ability to pursue more than just a handful of relevant targets in refractory cancers. Consequently, this task force leveraged the rapid advances in our knowledge of the mechanics of the disease to develop a robust and non-toxic, broad-spectrum approach to both prophylaxis and therapy (i.e., one that will be aimed at many prioritized targets simultaneously). In essence, this group has the foundation for a ground-breaking new direction in translational research that will be able to address the many mutations that make this disease so difficult to stop. This work was captured in a special issue of Elsevier’s Seminars in Cancer Biology (2014 Impact Factor: 9.330) - click here for details. The capstone paper from this effort can be found here.
The teams that worked on this project are shown below.

Ganji Purmachandra Nagaraju, PhD , Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University
(United States) - Dr. Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju, PhD., is an Instructor at the Emory University School of Medicine. His work mainly focuses on basic as well as translational cancer research. He published above 30 research papers in several prestigious peer-reviewed journals, presented above 25 abstracts in various conferences. He was also given Junior Scientist award by the ASIOA. He is a member of four reputed scientific societies in the USA. He serves as an editorial board member and a reviewer of several internationally recognized academic journals. As a leading researcher in the cancer field, he is currently investigating the role of HSP-90 inhibitors, curcumin and its analogues in advanced cancers.
Xin Yin, PhD, University Of California, San Diego & VA San Diego Healthcare System
(United States) - Postdoctoral Scholar in the Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care. Dr. Yin's research focus is to understand how a class of sugar molecules called heparan sulfate within the lymphatic microenvironment regulates cell trafficking through lymphatic vasculature. Her specific interest is to investigate how traffic by tumor cells as well as immune cells in the lymphatic vasculature is modulated by lymphatic endothelial heparan sulfate, and how such modulation may impact the pathological development of diseases such as cancer.
Alexandra Arreola, University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill
(United States) - Alexandra Arreola is a senior graduate student in the Rathmell lab. She is pursuing her PhD in Genetics and Molecular Biology and has a project examining HIF and hypoxia signaling in cancer.
Eoin McDonnell, Duke University
(United States) -
Brad Poore, Johns Hopkins University School Of Medicine
(United States) - Brad Poore is a current PhD student at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Originally from Montana, he graduated with highest honors from Montana State University, where he conducted research on Adeno-associated virus capsid structure. Upon entering graduate school, his focus changed to cancer and cancer metabolism. His primary interest is how cancer metabolism is involved with pancreatic adenocarcinoma tumorgenesis.
Mahya Mehrmohammadi, Cornell University
(United States) - Mahya Mehrmohammadi received her Bachelor's degree in Molecular Biology and Master's degree in Biotechnology at the University of Tehrain in Iran. She is currently pursuing her Doctoral studies in the field of Genomics, Genetics and Development with Dr. Jason Locasale at Cornell University. Her thesis focuses on the role of one-carbon metabolism in cancer pathogenesis using a combination of computatoinal and experimental techniques.
Sharanya Sivanand, MS, University Of Pennsylvania
(United States) - Sharanya Sivanand graduated with B.S. degree in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from the University of Texas at Dallas in 2009. In 2011, she received an M.S. degree in Biotechnology from Johns Hopkins University. She previously worked on establishing a pre-clinical mouse model for renal cell carcinoma as an aid for drug development. Currently she is pursuing a PhD degree in Cell and Molecular Biology at the University of Pennsylvania. She is interested in exploring the impact of metabolic fluctuations on signaling pathways and epigenetic changes in cancer as well as its potential therapeutic applications.
Vinayak Muralidhar, Koch Institute, MIT
(United States) - Vinayak Muralidhar is a medical student in the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology at Harvard Medical School. He received undergraduate degrees in Mathematics and Biology from MIT in 2006. In 2010, he received a Marshall Scholarship to study at Oxford University, where he earned an MSc.
Young H. Ko, PhD, KO Discovery, LLC, University Of Maryland BioPark
(United States) - Started her scientific career at Iowa State University, by studying cholesterol metabolism in the Department of Nutritional Physiology with Dr. Donald Beitz. Then, continued her education at Washington State University, Department of Biochemistry/Biophysics. Her thesis work, carried out under the direction of Dr. Bruce McFadden, focused on understanding the enzyme "Isocitrate lyase (ICL)", which is essential for the germination of plants and embryogenesis of nematodes. She was encouraged by Dr. McFadden to go to Johns Hopkins University, SOM, for her post-doctoral training and study in the laboratory of Dr. Peter L. Pedersen, Department of Biological Chemistry. Here, her research focused initially on understanding the pathogenesis of Cystic Fibrosis. During this time, she also expanded her training to the areas of cancer biology, cell bioenergetics, metabolism, and nutrition. She now has her own company at the University of Maryland BioPark that will focus on discovering anticancer and anti-aging mechanisms/interventions.
Lizzia Raffaghello, G. Gaslini Institute
(Italy) - Dr. Raffaghello is a researcher at the Istituto Gaslini in Genoa, one of the leading Children's Hospital in Italy. She is an expert in studies of neuroblastoma but has published extensively on a variety of cancers focusing on both basic and translational projects. She has been a key collaborator for studies related to fasting and cancer treatment.
Shijun Mi, PhD, Albert Einstein College Of Medicine
(United States) -
Helen Chen, University Of British Columbia
(Canada) - Graduate Student, University of British Columbia. Helen is interested in the proteins that oversee the construction and stability of the mitotic spindle, which is an apparatus that must be successfully built each time that a cell divides. By learning more about this process, Helen hopes to understand how this process is disrupted in cancer.
Santanu Dasgupta, The University Of Texas Health Science Center At Tyler, Texas
(United States) - Assistant Professor of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The UT Health Science Center at Tyler, Texas. Dr. Dasgupta's laboratory is focused on developing early detection and monitoring strategies in Breast and Head and Neck Cancer.
Meenakshi Malhotra, PhD, McGill University
(Canada) - PhD graduate from Dr. Prakash's Lab in the Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University. Her main interest is to design and develop non-invasive nanoparticles for siRNA delivery to animal models of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
Alan Bilsland PhD, University Of Glasgow
(United Kingdom) - Dr Bilsland is a Senior scientist at University of Glasgow. His research interests focus on the development of novel cancer therapeutics through systems biology approaches.
Tabetha Sundin, PhD, MB (ASCP), Old Dominion University
(United States) - My graduate and post-doctoral work focused on cancer signal transduction. Specifically, we examined how telomerase was linked to the mTOR pathway. We determined isoprenoids found in fruits and vegetables could inhibit mTOR and therefore telomerase by disrupting an mTOR protein complex. We further assessed the role of eIF4E in the inhibition of mTOR. We found that cancer cells alter their mTOR signal transduction pathways, making themselves sensitive to isoprenoid-mediated inhibition. During my post-doctoral work we inspected how invasion and migration of cancer cells were affected by isoprenoid-mediated inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)- 2 and -9. Currently I run a molecular diagnostics and serology laboratory in a clinical setting.
Carmela Spagnuolo, PhD, Institute Of Food Sciences, National Research Council
(Italy) - Dr. Spagnuolo is a PostDoc at ISA, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council in Avellino, Italy. Her interest is mainly directed to the study of natural compounds (food extracts and pure molecules) with healthy effects on human such as chemopreventive, neuroprotective and antioxidant activities.
Liang-Tzung Lin, Department Of Microbiology And Immunology, Taipei Medical University
(Taiwan) - Dr. Liang-Tzung Lin received his undergraduate and graduate training in Canada and previously worked as a postdoc at the Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Halifax, Canada. He is currently an assistant professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, at Taipei Medical University, Taiwan. He is interested in the anti-cancer effects of natural products-derived small molecules and is also exploring how certain viruses induce cancers.
Neeraj K. Saxena, University Of Maryland
(United States) -
Andrew J. Sanders, PhD, Cardiff University School Of Medicine
(United Kingdom) - Research Associate within the metastasis and angiogenesis research group (MARG), led by professor Wen Jiang. Dr. Sanders graduated from Cardiff University in 2003 with a degree in Applied Biology and subsequently studied for his PhD within MARG. Dr. Sanders' work has continued within the group as a postdoctoral research associate in the area of cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. Dr Sanders' main research interests focus on the Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) pathway, its activators and inhibitors and the importance of this pathway in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis, mainly in prostate and breast cancer.
Francesco Pantano, MD, University Campus Bio-Medico
(Italy) -
Malancha Sarkar Ph.D., University Of Miami
(United States) - Dr. Malancha Sarkar Ph.D. is a faculty in the Department of Biology, University of Miami, FL. She is interested in investigating the use of natural products in combating human diseases. Many plants are known to produce clinically beneficial secondary metabolites; many of them are used as source of drugs. She is specifically interested in characterizing novel compounds produced by Endophytes from ethno pharmacologically important plants. Isolating the medicinally important metabolites from plant endophytes is considered less cumbersome than purifying it from plants.
Stephanie C. Casey, PhD, Stanford University
(United States) - Dr. Stephanie Casey is a postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University in the Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology. Her research interests include tumorigenesis, tumor relapse, and how the immune system contributes to each, with a focus on leukemia and lymphoma. She has also has a specific interest in the role of inflammation and endocrine disruption in carcinogenesis.
Brendan Grue, Dalhousie University
(Canada) - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology student, Departments of Environmental Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, at Dalhousie University, and NSERC undergraduate research award recipient. Brendan's current research in Dr. Rupasinghe's laboratory is focused on inflammation-mediated carcinogenic pathways along with flavonoids as potential anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory therapeutics. In addition, Brendan is conducting experiments examining the effects of soluble nickel compounds towards the levels of carcinogenic and pro-inflammatory mediators in human lung fibroblast cells. The possible applications of berry flavonoids as therapeutics towards the nickel induced cytotoxicity are being investigated.
Deepak Poudyal, PhD, University Of South Carolina
(United States) - Dr. Poudyal graduated from the University of South Carolina in 2013. He has an interest in complementary and alternative medicines in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, and prevention of cancer associated with those diseases.
Daniel P. Barry, PhD, Vanderbilt University
(United States) - Dr. Daniel P. Barry received his Ph.D. in microbiology from the University of California, Davis. He currently works at Vanderbilt University where his current research focus is on pathologic mechanisms of gastritis and colitis.
Hiromasa Fujii, MD., PhD., Nara Medical Univeristy
(Japan) - Completed his doctorate at Nara Medical University Graduate School in 2009, and spent his postdoctoral research fellowship at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and Inmotion Institute, Memphis, USA. His research field mainly focusing on tumor initiating cells.
Somaira Nowsheen, 2Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College Of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
(United States) - An MD PhD student in the Medical Scientist Training Program at the Mayo Clinic. Her research interests include methods to improve cancer therapy utilizing the approach of personalized medicine and targeting of DNA repair pathways to enhance the therapeutic ratio. She is interested in discovering novel strategies to augment DNA repair pathways to specifically protect normal cells from DNA damage while reducing DNA repair capacity to convert tumor cells to become more susceptible to DNA damaging agents. Ultimately, she hopes her research helps to improve the quality of life of cancer patients.
Elena Niccolai, University Of Florence
(Italy) - Three-year degree in Biological Sciences, University of Florence, obtained on 2005, with vote of 110 cum laude. Degree in Biological Sciences masterly health, University of Florence, obtained on 2008, with vote of 110 cum laude. Thesis title: Determination of endothelial cells progenitor cells in a circle as a new parameter for diagnosis of sepsis. Research fellow at the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, for studies on "Design of a new immunotherapy for gastric cancer" from April 2010 to December 2011. Research fellow at the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, for studies on "Study of immune response in pancreatic cancer patients" from April 2012 to March 2013. PhD in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, at the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, for studies on "Studies of the immune-specific response in gastrointestinal tumors", from December 2010.
S. Salman Ashraf, PhD, UAE University
(United Arab Emirates) - Salman is currently an associate professor of Biochemistry at UAE University, which he joined 10 years ago. Prior to that he was working in biotech companies in North America for over 6 years. He has research interests in natural products, signal transduction pathways, nuclear hormone receptors, oxidative stress and cancer biology.
Xujuan Yang, University Of Illinois
(United States) - Xujuan has worked in my laboratory of 8 years. She has taken the lead on numerous in vivo studies to evaluate dietary estrogen in preclinical models.
Dipita Bhakta, M.Sc., PhD., SASTRA University
(India) - Dr. Dipita Bhakta's major research encompasses identification of novel therapeutics in countering free radical associated cellular/molecular damages, inhibition of cell cycle progression and centrosomal clustering. In addition, the interaction of the bioactive compounds with DNA is another facet of her research, with a direction for the development of DNA-targeted anti-cancer therapeutics.
Katia Aquilano, Dept. Of Biology, University Of Rome
(Italy) - REDOX ENERGETIC METABOLISM – Dr. Aquilano performs research in the field of involvement of oxidative/nitrosative stress in human diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders (i.e. obesity and type 2 diabetes). In particular, she dissects the molecular mechanisms and signal transduction pathways that regulate cellular energetic metabolism focusing on nutrient and redox sensitive proteins implicated in the control of the expression of metabolic and antioxidant genes. She also studies the effects of nutraceuticals such as polyphenols from grapes and organosulfur compounds from garlic on cancer cells bioenergetic trying to identify new druggable protein targets to inhibit proliferation.
Dorota Halicka, MD, PhD, New York Medical College
(United States) - Dr Halicka received MD and PhD from Warsaw University. Currently she is research assistant professor at NYMC. Her research on leukemia clinical specimen has helped the development of individual therapy in Weschester Medical Center. In the past 15 years she has collaborated with Dr Chen in finding the cytotoxic and cytostatic effects of phytochemicals on various cancer cell lines. Her selected publication includes Leukemia Res 2008, 33(7): 997-1000; Int J Oncol 2008, 32 :405-411; Cancer Biol & Ther 2008, 7:1104-1108; Aging (Albany) 2012, 4:270-278.
